therapeuticЮжно-Российский журнал терапевтической практикиSouth Russian Journal of Therapeutic Practice2712-8156РостГМУ10.21886/2712-8156-2023-4-4-34-40therapeutic-435Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL RESEARCHОсобенности течения бронхиальной астмы у пациентов, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекциюFeatures of the course of bronchial asthma in patients who have suffered a new coronavirus infectionКиселёваН. В.KiselevaN. V.

Киселёва Нина Валерьевна - аспирант кафедры терапии и кардиологии.

Нижний Новгород

Nina V. Kiseleva - postgraduate student of the Department of Therapy and Cardiology of the Volga Region Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.

Nizhny Novgorod

ni.na@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-7010ТарловскаяЕ. И.TarlovskayaE. I.

Тарловская Екатерина Иосифовна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой терапии и кардиологии.

Нижний Новгород

Еkaterina I. Tarlovskaya - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, head of the Department of therapy and cardiology, Volga Research Medical University.

Nizhny Novgorod

etarlovskaya@mail.ruБолдинаМ. В.BoldinaM. V.

Болдина Марина Викторовна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры терапии и кардиологии.

Нижний Новгород

Marina V. Boldina - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Therapy and Cardiology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “PIMU" of the Ministry of Health of Russia.

Nizhny Novgorod

ФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation202301122023443440Copyright © Киселёва Н.В., Тарловская Е.И., Болдина М.В., 20232023Киселёва Н.В., Тарловская Е.И., Болдина М.В.Kiseleva N.V., Tarlovskaya E.I., Boldina M.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.therapeutic-j.ru/jour/article/view/435

Цель: оценить клинический статус пациентов с бронхиальной астмой в постковидном периоде в зависимости от тяжести течения острого периода COVID-19. Материалы и методы: проведено исследование случай-контроль пациентов с диагнозом БА, перенёсших коронавирусную инфекцию, которые обратились в Нижегородский областной пульмонологический центр за консультацией по поводу БА. В анализ включены 56 пациентов. Методы обследования включали в себя два этапа: ретроспективный и проспективный. Оценивались степень тяжести астмы, ступень терапии астмы, контроль БА по глобальной инициативе по астме (GINА), а также выраженность одышки (mMRC-тест). Результаты: при анализе были выявлены статистически значимые различия по всем шкалам вне зависимости от степени тяжести острого течения COVID-19, р<0,005. В процессе анализа данных в зависимости от тяжести течения острого периода инфекции были найдены статистически значимые различия клинического статуса до и после COVID-19 у пациентов с легким и среднетяжёлым течением коронавирусной инфекции. У пациентов, перенёсших COVID-19 лёгкой степени тяжести, ухудшились показатели клинического статуса по всем шкалам: тяжесть астмы до COVID-19 ─ 2,00 [2,00–2,00], после ─ 2,00 [2,00–3,00], р<0,005; контроль по GINA до COVID-19 ─ 2,00 [2,00–2,00], после ─ 3,00 [2,00–3,00]; ступень терапии до COVID-19 ─ 3,00 [2,25–3,00], после ─ 4,00 [4,00–5,00] р<0,005; выраженность одышки до COVID-19 ─ 1,00 [,25–1,00], после ─ 2,00 [1,00–2,00], р<0,005. У пациентов, перенёсших COVID-19 средней степени тяжести, также ухудшились все показатели клинического статуса по всем шкалам: тяжесть астмы до COVID-19 ─ 2,00 [2,00–2,00], после ─ 2,00 [2,00–3,00], р <0,005; контроль по GINA до COVID-19 ─ 2,00 [2,00–2,00], после ─ 3,00 [2,00–3,00]; ступень терапии до COVID-19 ─ 3,00 [3,00–3,00], после ─ 4,00 [4,00–5,00], р <0,005; выраженность одышки до COVID-19 ─ 1,00 [1,00–1,00], после ─ 2,00 [1,00–2,00], р<0,005. Заключение: результаты нашего исследования демонстрируют негативное влияние SARS-CoV-2 на клинический статус пациентов с БА, перенёсших новую коронавирусную инфекцию.

Objective: to evaluate the clinical status of patients with bronchial asthma in the post-Covid period depending on the severity of the acute period of COVID-19. Materials and methods: a case-control study was conducted of patients diagnosed with asthma who had suffered a coronavirus infection, who turned to the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Pulmonology Center for consultation about asthma. The analysis included 56 patients. The survey methods included two stages: retrospective and prospective. The following scales were assessed: the severity of asthma, the level of asthma therapy, asthma control according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), and the severity of shortness of breath (mMRC test). Results: the analysis revealed statistically significant differences on all scales, regardless of the severity of the acute course of COVID-19, p <0.005. In the process of data analysis, depending on the severity of the acute period of infection, statistically significant differences in the clinical status before and after COVID-19 were found in patients with mild and moderate coronavirus infection. In patients who had mild COVID-19, clinical status indicators worsened on all scales: asthma severity before COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [2.00–2.00], after COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [2.00–3.00], р<0.005; control according to GINA before COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [2.00–2.00] after COVID-19 ─ 3.00 [2.00–3.00]; step therapy before COVID-19 ─ 3.00 [2.25–3.00], after ─ 4.00 [4.00–5.00], р<0.005; severity of shortness of breath before COVID-19 ─ 1.00 [0.25–1.00], after COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [1.00–2.00], р<0.005. Patients who had moderate COVID-19 also worsened all indicators of clinical status on all scales: severity of asthma before COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [2.00–2.00], after COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [2,00–3.00], p<0.005; control according to GINA before COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [2.00–2.00], after COVID-19 ─ 3.00 [2.00–3.00]; level of therapy before COVID-19 ─ 3.00 [3.00–3.00], after COVID-19 ─ 4.00 [4.00–5.00], p<0.005; severity of shortness of breath before COVID-19 ─ 1,00 [1.00–1.00], after COVID-19 ─ 2.00 [1.00–2.00], p<0.005. Conclusion. еhe results of our study demonstrate the negative impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the clinical status of patients with asthma who have suffered a new coronavirus infection.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.