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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">therapeutic</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Южно-Российский журнал терапевтической практики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South Russian Journal of Therapeutic Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-8156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8344</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РостГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2712-8156-2020-1-2-78-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">therapeutic-48</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полипы и рак желчевыводящей системы (лекция для практикующих врачей)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polyps and cancer of the biliary system (lecture for medical practitioners)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4160-8154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шавкута</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shavkuta</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Владимировна Шавкута, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой общей врачебной практики (семейной медицины) с курсами гериатрии и физиотерапии</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Shavkuta, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semmed@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шавкута Г.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шавкута Г.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shavkuta G.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therapeutic-j.ru/jour/article/view/48">https://www.therapeutic-j.ru/jour/article/view/48</self-uri><abstract><p>Широкое применение и доступность в клинической практике диагностических методов исследования (ультразвукового исследования (УЗИ), эндоскопической ультрасонографии (ЭУС), компьютерной томографии (КТ), магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ)), позволяющих визуализировать органы брюшной полости (в том числе желчный пузырь и желчевыводящие протоки), привело к значительному росту выявляемости полипов желчного пузыря. Некоторые полипы могут рассматриваться с точки зрения предопухолевых заболеваний и приводить к развитию рака желчного пузыря. В настоящее время предложены алгоритмы диагностики и ведения пациентов в зависимости от размера полипа, его характеристик и коморбидности пациента. Эти алгоритмы должны помочь врачам первичного звена здравоохранения влиять на риск развития злокачественных новообразований билиарного тракта. В статье освещены вопросы этиологии, клинического течения, современных методов диагностики, а также возможности хирургического лечения опухолей билиарного тракта. Представлен обзор возможностей различных диагностических методов обследования желчевыводящей системы: ультразвукового метода исследования (в том числе эндоскопического — ЭУС), МРТ, КТ. Показаны наиболее эффективные методы дообследования пациентов при сложностях дифференциальной диагностики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The widespread use and availability in сlinical practice of diagnostic research methods (ultrasound, CT, MRI), which allow visualizing the abdominal organs (including the gallbladder and bile ducts), has led to a significant increase in the detection rate of gallbladder polyps. In some cases, these polyps can be considered from the point of view of precancerous diseases and lead to the development of gastric cancer. Algorithms for the diagnosis and management of patients have been proposed, depending on the size of the polyp, its characteristics, and the comorbidity of the patient. These algorithms should help primary care physicians to influence the risk of developing malignant neoplasms of the biliary tract. The article highlights the issues of etiology, clinical course, modern diagnostic methods, as well as the possibility of surgical treatment of tumors of the biliary tract. An overview of the possibilities of various diagnostic methods for examining the biliary system is presented: ultrasound research method (including endoscopic), MRI, CT. The most effective methods of additional examination of patients with difficulties in differential diagnosis are shown.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полипы желчного пузыря</kwd><kwd>алгоритм ведения</kwd><kwd>рак желчного пузыря</kwd><kwd>рак желчевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>рак внутрипеченочных желчных протоков</kwd><kwd>рак внепеченочных желчных протоков</kwd><kwd>холангиокарцинома</kwd><kwd>лабораторная и инструментальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gallbladder polyps</kwd><kwd>management algorithm</kwd><kwd>gallbladder cancer</kwd><kwd>biliary tract cancer</kwd><kwd>intrahepatic bile duct cancer</kwd><kwd>extrahepatic bile duct cancer</kwd><kwd>cholangiocarcinoma</kwd><kwd>laboratory and instrumental diagnostics</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim K.H. 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