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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">therapeutic</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Южно-Российский журнал терапевтической практики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South Russian Journal of Therapeutic Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-8156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РостГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2712-8156-2025-6-2-106-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">therapeutic-609</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Геморрагические синдромы в практике терапевта (лекция для практикующих врачей, ч. 1)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hemorrhagic syndromes in the practice of a general practitioner (lecture for practicing physicians, p. 1)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-4776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурнашева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burnasheva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурнашева Ева Владимировна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры внутренних болезней №2</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eva V. Burnasheva, MD, PhD, Associate professor, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burnash-eva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатохин</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatokhin</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шатохин Юрий Васильевич, д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой гематологии и трансфузиологии (с курсами клинической лабораторной диагностики, генетики и лабораторной генетики),</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurii V. Shatokhin, MD, PhD, Prof. Department of Hematology and Transfusiology</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shatokhin-yv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0688-0435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снежко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Snezhko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Снежко Ирина Викторовна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры гематологии и трансфузиологии (с курсами клинической лабораторной диагностики, генетики и лабораторной генетики)</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Snezhko, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Hematology and Transfusiology</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.snezhko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3557-3373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мацуга</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matsuga</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мацуга Андрей Александрович, ассистент кафедры гематологии и трансфузиологии (с курсами клинической лабораторной диагностики, генетики и лабораторной генетики)</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Matsuga, hematologist of the State Budgetary Institution RO “CDC “Health” in Rostov-on-Don”, Associate professor, Department of Hematology and Transfusiology (with courses in clinical laboratory diagnostics, genetics and laboratory genetics)</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrey.matsuga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-8827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябикина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabikina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рябикина Елена Витальевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры гематологии и трансфузиологии (с курсами клинической лабораторной диагностики, генетики и лабораторной генетики)</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Ryabikina, MD, PhD, Associate professor, Department of Hematology and Transfusiology</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ryabikel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3286-3930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтерева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtereva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дегтерева Елена Валентиновна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры гематологии и трансфузиологии (с курсами клинической лабораторной диагностики, генетики и лабораторной генетики)</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Degtereva, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Hematology and Transfusiology (with courses in clinical laboratory diagnostics, genetics and laboratory genetics)</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.degtereva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">FSBEI of HE “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бурнашева Е.В., Шатохин Ю.В., Снежко И.В., Мацуга А.А., Рябикина Е.В., Дегтерева Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бурнашева Е.В., Шатохин Ю.В., Снежко И.В., Мацуга А.А., Рябикина Е.В., Дегтерева Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Burnasheva E.V., Shatokhin Y.V., Snezhko I.V., Matsuga A.A., Ryabikina E.V., Degtereva E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therapeutic-j.ru/jour/article/view/609">https://www.therapeutic-j.ru/jour/article/view/609</self-uri><abstract><p>Геморрагический синдром возникает вследствие поражения сосудистой стенки, нарушения структуры, функции и количества тромбоцитов, нарушения коагуляционного гемостаза. Для постановки диагноза важны не только ла- бораторные показатели, но и полные сведения о состоянии пациента, анамнезе, коморбидности, наследственности, проводимом лечении. Использование стандартизированных инструментов, таких как шкалы кровоточивости, шкалы риска возникновения геморрагического синдрома помогают в диагностике и определении тактики ведения пациентов. Причинами геморрагического синдрома наследственного генеза чаще являются тромбоцитопатии, гемофилии, болезнь Виллебранда, телеангиэктазия, причинами геморрагического синдрома приобретённого — вторичная тромбоцитопения и тромбоцитопатии, ДВС-синдром, дефицит факторов протромбинового комплекса, геморрагический васкулит, а также лекарственные средства (антитромботические, цитостатики, антибиотики и др.). Клиницисту отводится важная роль в диагностике и лечении, что требует знания современных руководств, клинических рекомендаций, инструкций, стандартов и других регламентирующих документов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hemorrhagic syndrome occurs as a result of vascular wall damage, disturbance of the structure, function and number of platelets, coagulation hemostasis disorders. For diagnosis, not only laboratory parameters are important, but also complete information about the patient’s condition, history, comorbidity, heredity, ongoing treatment. The use of standardized tools such as ISTH-SSC BAT scale, bleeding risk scales help in diagnosis and determination of patient management tactics. The causes of hemorrhagic syndrome of hereditary genesis are more often thrombocytopathies, hemophilia, Willebrand’s disease, telangiectasia; acquired - secondary thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopathies, DIC, prothrombin complex factor deficiency, hemorrhagic vasculitis, as well as drugs (antithrombotic, cytostatics, antibiotics and others). The clinician has an important role in diagnosis and treatment, which requires knowledge of modern guidelines, clinical recommendations, instructions, standards and other regulatory documents.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геморрагический синдром</kwd><kwd>типы геморрагического синдрома</kwd><kwd>анамнез</kwd><kwd>дифференциальный диагноз</kwd><kwd>опросники</kwd><kwd>шкалы риска кровотечения</kwd><kwd>шкала ISTH-SSC BAT</kwd><kwd>приобретённая гемофилия</kwd><kwd>дефицит факторов свертывания</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemorrhagic syndrome</kwd><kwd>types of hemorrhagic syndrome</kwd><kwd>questionnaires</kwd><kwd>bleeding risk scales</kwd><kwd>ISTH-SSC BAT scale</kwd><kwd>acquired hemophilia</kwd><kwd>coagulation factor deficiency</kwd><kwd>thrombocytopenia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баркаган З.С. 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